Abdominal surgery and procedures encompass a wide range of surgical interventions that target various organs and structures within the abdominal cavity. These procedures can be performed for diagnostic, therapeutic, or palliative purposes, depending on the patient's condition

Here are some common abdominal surgeries and procedures

• Appendectomy: This surgery involves the removal of the appendix, typically due to appendicitis, an inflammation of the appendix.
• Cholecystectomy: This procedure removes the gallbladder, often due to gallstones or gallbladder inflammation (cholecystitis).
• Surplus facial and body hair. Sometimes women get dense and darker facial hair, and more hair on the chest, belly, and back
• Hernia Repair: Hernias occur when organs or tissues push through weakened abdominal muscles. Surgery is often necessary to repair the hernia and strengthen the abdominal wall.
• Gastrectomy: A gastrectomy involves the partial or complete removal of the stomach and is typically performed to treat stomach cancer or severe gastric ulcers.
• Colectomy: Colectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the colon (large intestine) and may be necessary for conditions such as colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, or Crohn's disease
• Liver Resection: This procedure involves removing a portion of the liver and is performed to treat liver tumors, cysts, or liver trauma.
• Pancreatic Surgery: Various surgeries on the pancreas can be performed, including pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure) for pancreatic cancer, or drainage procedures for pancreatic pseudocysts.
• Splenectomy: This surgery removes the spleen, often due to trauma, certain blood disorders, or infections.
• Exploratory Laparotomy: This is a diagnostic procedure in which the abdomen is opened surgically to investigate and possibly treat conditions when the exact cause is unknown or when there is a medical emergency.
• Bariatric Surgery: Procedures such as gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, or gastric banding are performed to help individuals with obesity lose weight.
• Adhesiolysis: This procedure involves separating and removing abdominal adhesions, which are bands of scar tissue that can form after surgery or due to inflammation.
• Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement: In some cases of kidney failure, a catheter is surgically implanted into the abdomen to allow for peritoneal dialysis.
• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair: Surgical intervention is necessary to repair a weakened and bulging section of the abdominal aorta to prevent rupture.
• Laparoscopic Surgery: Many abdominal procedures can be performed using minimally invasive techniques, including laparoscopy, which involves small incisions and the use of a camera and specialized instruments
• Liver Transplant: In cases of end-stage liver disease, a liver transplant may be necessary, involving the surgical removal of the damaged liver and its replacement with a healthy donor liver.